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George Wilkes
George Wilkes (1817 – September 23, 1885) was an American journalist and newspaper editor. A native of New York, Wilkes became a journalist and after losing a libel case was imprisoned in New York City's jail; his imprisonment led him to write a pamphlet on the jail's conditions in 1844. The next year, Wilkes and a friend started publishing ''National Police Gazette'', a newspaper dealing with crime reporting and other sensationalistic topics. In 1856 Wilkes bought a sporting newspaper called ''The Spirit of the Times'', which he had previously worked for. After selling the ''Gazette'', Wilkes continued to publish and edit the ''Spirit'' until his death in 1885. Wilkes also wrote a couple of books on non-sporting topics as well as introducing parimutuel betting into the United States.
==Early life==
Wilkes was born in 1817 in the state of New York in the United States. It is not sure who his parents were, although they may have been George Wilkes, a cabinet maker, and Helen. Little is known of his upbringing before he became a law clerk for Enoch E. Camp. But Wilkes left the legal profession for journalism, first working for a series of short-lived newspapers in New York City, the ''Flash'', the ''Whip'', and the ''Subterranean''. He lost a libel case and was sentenced to a term in the city jail, The Tombs. From his experiences there, Wilkes wrote a pamphlet entitled ''The Mysteries of the Tombs: A Journal of Thirty Days Imprisonment in the N. Y. City Prison'', which came out in 1844.〔"Wilkes, George" ''Dictionary of American Biography'' Volume X p. 218〕
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